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Hatton Castle stands on the lower part of Hatton Hill,〔The castellated and domestic architecture of Scotland, from the twelfth to the eighteenth century.Vol. 4, page 48 (1892). Authors: MacGibbon, David; Ross, Thomas. Publisher D.Douglas, Edinburgh. ()〕 the most easterly of the Sidlaw Hills, to the south of Newtyle in Angus, Scotland. The castle overlooks the wooded Den of Newtyle, and its views extend across Strathmore and include Ben Lawers and Schiehallion as well as the Angus and Glenshee hills. The 16th-century castle was originally built in a typical Scottish "Z plan" tower house design, as a fortified country house or ''château''. There was an earlier castle called Balcraig Castle which stood less than half a mile from the present building, also on Hatton Hill. ==Etymology== The name "Hatton" was adopted from the farm nearby. "Hatton" is a contraction of ''Hall-toun'', which in Scots means the farm (or ''ferm toun'') near the Hall (or ''Ha''). Thus the Hall must have been there first, and the name "Hatton" actually refers to the adjacent farm, now known as Hatton Farm (the word farm is thus redundant, duplicating ''toun''). Hatton Castle was probably originally called "Newtyle Castle", taking its name from the estate. In Scots, the word ''tyle'' means a roofing stone (not restricted to fired clay tiles as in English). There are brick and tile factories on the River Tay near Dundee, but "Newtyle" most likely relates to the sandstone quarried locally, and used extensively for building, dyking and roofing, as well as for carving into Pictish standing stones such as those preserved at the nearby Meigle Sculptured Stone Museum. The name ''New''tyle rather implies that there was another place where sandstone was quarried previously. ==History== The earliest history of the general area demonstrates that Pictish peoples inhabited the area. For example, discovery of the Eassie Stone in this region indicates sophisticated Pictish carvers who embraced Christianity about the year 600 AD.〔(C.Michael Hogan, ''Eassie Stone'', The Megalithic Portal, ed. Andy Burnham, Oct. 7, 2007 )〕 The lands were given to Sir William Olifard (8th chief)〔The Red Book of Perthshire, by Gordon MacGregor〕 in 1317 by Robert the Bruce. Robert the Bruce's daughter, Elizabeth, married Sir William Olifard's son, Sir Walter Olifard,〔''The Scots Peerage, Founded on Wood's Edition of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage of Scotland'', Vol. VI, Ed. James Balfour Paul (Edinburgh: David Douglas, 1909), pp. 536-7〕 who also inherited the Newtyle estate. The castle was built in 1575,〔Tranter, Nigel. ''The Fortified House in Scotland, Vol. 4'' James Thin, Edinburgh 1986〕 commissioned by Laurence, fourth Lord Oliphant (1527–1593). Hatton Castle is unusual in that it contains a scale and platt staircase incorporated into its original construction. Such a feature was normally only included in larger constructions. The 4th Lord Oliphant also considerably extended another of his many castles, Kellie Castle in Fife, which bears many similarities. A variety of people lived in Hatton Castle after the Oliphants, including at least one bishop. It is recorded by Marian McNeill,〔Marian McNeill ''The Scots Cellar''〕 quoting A. Hislop, ''Book of Scottish Anecdote'', that the old Scots custom of 'compulsory hospitality' was demonstrated at Hatton Castle: "The Lords Oliphant used to keep a cannon pointed to the road near by their old castle, so as to compel the wayfarers to come in and be regaled". A cannon is still there today. Hatton was the home of the Masters of Oliphant rather than their fathers, who resided primarily at Aberdalgie and Dupplin Castles. Hatton Castle was de-roofed in about 1720, after the 1715 Jacobite rising, when it was replaced by the Italian-style Belmont Castle in Meigle, which is now a Church of Scotland residential home. Hatton Castle gradually became encrusted by ivy and a home to pigeons and jackdaws, until it was sold by the Kinpurnie Estate for reconstruction. This was done faithfully, initially by Roderick Oliphant of Oliphant, yr and his brother Richard Oliphant of that Ilk, with help from Historic Scotland, so its charm remains much as it was in 1575, including glass hand-made in Edinburgh, in the leaded windows. Under-floor heating was installed (during the reconstruction) to avoid the sight of radiators. The exterior is harled with the traditional pinkish lime-based hand-daub. It still has the strong room which, in ancient times, would have served as a bank for valuables for local people - one of the functions of a Hall. There is a 'priest hole' in what was originally the laird's bedroom. Not so much for priests, one suspects, as for young ladies who might have needed a secret exit route. Hatton Castle has an interesting Great Hall, almost a double-cube measuring 34x17x17 feet, which has stunning acoustics. As in the 16th century, music is again played most days in the Great Hall, and some memorable dances and house-concerts have been held. It is a regular gathering place for Scottish traditional musicians, notably hosting the creative network, 'Fiddle Force'. House Concerts are held, on a non-commercial basis, for a wide variety of artists, memorably including, for example, The Poozies, Barbaby Brown and John Kenny (Sardinian triple pipes and carnyx), Park Stickney (Jazz Harp), Philip Higham (Bach cello suites and more), Cathy Fraser from Australia, Fiddlelore from New Zealand, Douglas Lawrence, Gregor Borland and Sandy Brechin, Jarlath Henderson and Man's Ruin. In 2007, Hatton Castle hosted the first ever performance in Europe of a Japanese biwa and chant group, supported by the Scottish harp duo Sileas. American cellist Abby Newton, with David Greenberg, Corrina Kewat, Mairi Campbell, Dave Francis and Scott Petito in her group Ferintosh, recorded her Scottish Traditional album 'Castles, Kirks and Caves' in the Great Hall. Hatton Castle is now a family home, and the present owners have continued the restoration, aided by specialist castle-restorer Gordon Matthew of Midmar. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hatton Castle, Angus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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